The topic of this final thesis is the new technological implementations of modern optical fiber communication systems. The technology is based on the principles of optical physics, primarily on the phenomenon of refraction, which allows light to remain inside the core of an optical fiber and be transmitted over long distances with minimal losses. Modern fiber optic communication systems are characterized by basic principles such as refraction and total internal reflection, which enable light to be transmitted through the fiber core. Optical fiber consists of a core, sheath and protective jacket, and is used in telecommunications networks, internet infrastructure and cable television. Fiber optic cables are divided into single-mode and multimode fibers, with different applications depending on distance and transmission capacity. Single-mode fibers are ideal for long distances, while multimode fibers are suitable for shorter distances due to greater dispersion and attenuation. The latest developments in optical networking technology include elastic optical networks (EONs) that enable flexible resource allocation, super-channel technology for data transmission at speeds greater than 100 Gbps, network coding to protect against link failures, and technologies such as OAM multiplexing and secure optical transmission based on chaos. The application of fiber optic cables varies from indoor to outdoor installations. The advantages of fiber optic cables include high data transfer rate, higher bandwidth, less signal degradation and longevity. However, their susceptibility to physical damage and the need for additional equipment to amplify signals over long distances present challenges. At Profi-Baukraft, the implementation of fiber optic communication systems improves efficiency and competitiveness because it enables faster and more reliable data transmission. The design, construction, maintenance and upgrading of the networks ensure a high level of service quality, while optical distribution cabinets are organized to enable quick identification and elimination of faults.